Anti-Scale Performance and Mechanism of Valonia Tannin Extract for Calcium Carbonate in Circulating Cooling Water System

Natural-polymer-based antiscalants for various calcium scales have recently received significant attention due to their prominent structural features, such as hydroxyl, amino, and organic acids, well environmental friendliness widespread availability. In this study, a novel green antiscalant, namely modified valonia tannin extract (MVTE), was synthesized using (VTE), itaconic acid (IA), 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropanesulfonic (AMPS). The structure of MVTE characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). crystal morphology, structure, surface elementary composition CaCO3 were analyzed scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), photoelectron (XPS), respectively. Results indicate that with the best anti-scale performance is prepared when dosage 2.5 g, initiator 6 wt.%, reaction temperature 75 °C, time 3.5 h. Moreover, shows significantly improved resistance alkalinity compared VE. from SEM, XRD, XPS demonstrate can interfere regular growth crystals through chelation, dispersion, lattice distortion. This effect results in generation vaterite, which inhibits deposition CaCO3. Meanwhile, molecular dynamics (MD) simulation employed further explore mechanisms at an atomistic level. illustrate interaction energies originate ionic hydrogen bonds between calcite, ultimately improve MVTE. conclusion, be excellent antiscalant circulating cooling water systems.